@conference {751,
	title = {Expert-based Assessment of an Augmentative and Alternative Communication Tool},
	booktitle = {XX International Conference on Human Computer Interaction (Interacci{\'o}n 2019)},
	year = {2019},
	publisher = {ACM Digital Library},
	organization = {ACM Digital Library},
	address = {Donostia, Gipuzkoa, Spain},
	doi = {doi.org/10.1145/3335595.3335631},
	url = {https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=3335631},
	attachments = {http://nil.fdi.ucm.es/sites/default/files/a23-guasch.pdf},
	author = {Daniel Guasch and Israel Mart{\'\i}n-Escalona and Jos{\'e} A. Mac{\'\i}as and Lourdes Moreno and Herv{\'a}s, Raquel and Bautista, Susana}
}
@conference {735,
	title = {EmoTraductor: An{\'a}lisis Emocional para la Inclusi{\'o}n Digital},
	booktitle = {IV Congreso Internacional Universidad y Discapacidad (CIUD 2018)},
	year = {2018},
	publisher = {Fundaci{\'o}n ONCE},
	organization = {Fundaci{\'o}n ONCE},
	address = {Madrid, Spain},
	attachments = {http://nil.fdi.ucm.es/sites/default/files/EmoTraductor-CIUD2018.pdf},
	author = {Paloma Guti{\'e}rrez Merino and Gema Eugercios Su{\'a}rez and Elena Kaloyanova Popova and Virginia Francisco and Herv{\'a}s, Raquel}
}
@article {714,
	title = {Exploring the Potential of Concept Associations for the Creative Generation of Linguistic Artifacts: a Case Study with Riddles and Rhetorical Figures},
	journal = {Frontiers in Psychology},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2018},
	month = {09/2018},
	type = {Original Research},
	chapter = {1792},
	abstract = {Automatic generation of linguistic artifacts is a problem that has been sporadically tackled over the years. The main goal of this paper is to explore how concept associations can be useful from a computational creativity point of view to generate some of these artifacts. We present an approach where finding associations between concepts that would not usually be considered as related (for example life and politics or diamond and concrete) could be the seed for the generation of creative and surprising linguistic artifacts such as rhetorical figures (life is like politics) and riddles (what is as hard as concrete?). The quality and appropriateness of the generated figures and riddles has been evaluated using human evaluators, and the results show that the concept associations obtained are useful for creating these kinds of creative artifacts.},
	issn = {1664-1078},
	doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01792},
	url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01792},
	attachments = {http://nil.fdi.ucm.es/sites/default/files/FrontiersVersionPublicada.pdf},
	author = {Virginia Francisco and Herv{\'a}s, Raquel and Gonzalo M{\'e}ndez and Paloma Galv{\'a}n}
}
@conference {646,
	title = {Exploring Creative Freedom in Real Time Story Generation},
	booktitle = {4th AISB Symposium on Computational Creativity (AISBCC 2017)},
	year = {2017},
	month = {04/2017},
	address = {University of Bath, UK},
	abstract = {Interactive storytelling systems have become very popular
as they engage users in the creation of narrative. In order to explore a co-creation process where the final result is narrated while the user is playing, we have designed an interactive storytelling system that is able to generate a narration in real time while giving the user the possibility to decide what to do and where to go. The intended result is a tool that allows the author, the user and the system to co-create a narration giving the user, as the ultimate author of the resulting narration, the freedom to decide the course of the events. In this paper we focus on the structures that have been used to represent the stories and in the mechanisms designed to generate the narration so that a coherent and entertaining story can be presented to the user.},
	attachments = {http://nil.fdi.ucm.es/sites/default/files/AISBCC2017.pdf},
	author = {Gonzalo M{\'e}ndez and Herv{\'a}s, Raquel and Pablo Gerv{\'a}s and Alejandro Mart{\'\i}n and Frank Julca}
}
@conference {681,
	title = {Exploring the Behavior of Classic REG Algorithms in the Description of Characters in 3D Images},
	booktitle = {International Natural Language Generation Conference (INLG2017)},
	year = {2017},
	month = {09/2017},
	address = {Santiago de Compostela, Spain},
	abstract = {Describing people and characters can be very useful in different contexts, such as computational narrative or image description for the visually impaired. However, a review of the existing literature shows that the automatic generation of people descriptions has not received much attention. Our work focuses on the description of people in snapshots from a 3D environment. First, we have conducted a survey to identify the way in which people describe other people under different conditions. We have used the information extracted from this survey to design several Referring Expression Generation algorithms which produce similar results. We have evaluated these algorithms with users in order to identify which ones generate the best description for specific characters in different situations. The evaluation has shown that, in order to generate good descriptions, a combination of different algorithms has to be used depending on the features and situation of the person to be described.},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/W17-3507},
	url = {https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W17-3507},
	attachments = {http://nil.fdi.ucm.es/sites/default/files/inlg17_v1_0.pdf},
	author = {Gonzalo M{\'e}ndez and Herv{\'a}s, Raquel and Bautista, Susana and Adri{\'a}n Rabad{\'a}n and Teresa Rodr{\'\i}guez-Ferreira}
}
@conference {625,
	title = {Exploring the Role of Word Associations in the Construction of Rhetorical Figures},
	booktitle = {7th International Conference on Computational Creativity (ICCC 2016)},
	year = {2016},
	month = {06/2016},
	address = {Paris, France},
	attachments = {http://nil.fdi.ucm.es/sites/default/files/GalvanEtAl.pdf},
	author = {Paloma Galv{\'a}n and Virginia Francisco and Herv{\'a}s, Raquel and Gonzalo M{\'e}ndez and Pablo Gerv{\'a}s}
}
@article {458,
	title = {EmoTales: creating a corpus of folk tales with emotional annotations},
	journal = {Language Resources and Evaluation},
	volume = {45},
	year = {2011},
	month = {02/2011},
	chapter = {1},
	issn = {1574-0218 },
	doi = {10.1007/s10579-011-9140-5},
	attachments = {http://nil.fdi.ucm.es/sites/default/files/LRE_FranciscoGervasPeinadoGervas_2011.pdf},
	author = {Virginia Francisco and Herv{\'a}s, Raquel and Peinado, Federico and Pablo Gerv{\'a}s}
}
@conference {463,
	title = {Empirical Identification of Text Simplification Strategies for Reading-Impaired People},
	booktitle = {European Conference for the Advancement of Assistive Technology},
	year = {2011},
	month = {09/2011},
	address = {Maastricht, the Netherlands},
	attachments = {http://nil.fdi.ucm.es/sites/default/files/AAATE_BautistaLeonHervasGervas.pdf},
	author = {Bautista, Susana and Carlos Le{\'o}n and Herv{\'a}s, Raquel and Pablo Gerv{\'a}s}
}
@proceedings {470,
	title = {Experimental Identification of the Use of Hedges in the  Simplification of Numerical Expressions},
	journal = {Second Workshop on Speech and Language Processing for Assistive Technologies (SLPAT)},
	year = {2011},
	address = {Edinburgh, UK},
	keywords = {simplification},
	attachments = {http://nil.fdi.ucm.es/sites/default/files/BautistaetAl_SLPAT.pdf},
	author = {Bautista, Susana and Herv{\'a}s, Raquel and Pablo Gerv{\'a}s and Richard Power and Sandra Williams}
}
@proceedings {382,
	title = {Evolutionary and Case-Based Approaches to REG: NIL-UCM-EvoTAP, NIL-UCM-ValuesCBR and NIL-UCM-EvoCBR},
	journal = {12th European Workshop on Natural Language Generation (ENLG{\textquoteright}09)},
	year = {2009},
	month = {04/2009},
	address = {Athens, Greece},
	attachments = {http://nil.fdi.ucm.es/sites/default/files/NILSubmissionTUNA09_v3.pdf},
	author = {Herv{\'a}s, Raquel and Pablo Gerv{\'a}s}
}
@mastersthesis {388,
	title = {Expresiones de Referencia y Figuras Ret{\'o}ricas para la Distinci{\'o}n y Descripci{\'o}n de Entidades en Discursos Generados Autom{\'a}ticamente (Spanish version)},
	volume = {PhD Thesis},
	year = {2009},
	school = {UCM},
	abstract = {El campo de la interacci{\'o}n hombre-m{\'a}quina ha ido evolucionando r{\'a}pidamente en los {\'u}ltimos a{\~n}os, convirti{\'e}ndose en un elemento fundamental de cualquier sistema inform{\'a}tico. Si un sistema es capaz de comunicarse con un ser humano mediante interacciones que a {\'e}ste le resulten naturales y amigables (voz, im{\'a}genes, etc.), el usuario ser{\'a} mucho m{\'a}s perceptivo hacia la informaci{\'o}n que est{\'a} recibiendo y tendr{\'a} m{\'a}s confianza en la aplicaci{\'o}n.

En este sentido, un campo fundamental dentro de la interacci{\'o}n hombre-m{\'a}quina es el de la Generaci{\'o}n de Lenguaje Natural (GLN), un subcampo de la Inteligencia Artificial y la Ling{\"u}{\'\i}stica Computacional que se encarga del dise{\~n}o e implementaci{\'o}n de sistemas que producen textos comprensibles en lenguajes humanos. Entre todos los problemas que se deben resolver para que el proceso completo de generaci{\'o}n resulte satisfactorio, se encuentra el de decidir c{\'o}mo habr{\'a} que referirse a las entidades o elementos que aparecer{\'a}n en el texto.

La tarea de Generaci{\'o}n de Expresiones de Referencia se encarga de resolver este problema concreto. Las diferentes menciones al mismo elemento en un texto deben ser reemplazadas por la forma espec{\'\i}fica en que referirse a ellas o referencias. A la hora de planificar las referencias de un texto se deben tener en cuenta dos prop{\'o}sitos. En primer lugar, una referencia a un elemento del discurso debe permitir al lector u oyente distinguir a este elemento de cualquier otro presente en el contexto con el que se pudiera confundir. Por otro lado, en ocasiones las referencias contendr{\'a}n informaci{\'o}n que m{\'a}s all{\'a} de la funci{\'o}n de distinguir pretendan adem{\'a}s describir las entidades a las que se refieren, presentando informaci{\'o}n relevante sobre las mismas previamente desconocida. 
 
De estas dos funciones (distintiva y descriptiva), s{\'o}lo la primera ha sido ampliamente estudiada en la literatura. Se pueden encontrar numerosos trabajos que se encargan de abarcar el problema de la generaci{\'o}n de expresiones de referencia con funci{\'o}n distintiva estudiando aspectos como la minimalidad de una expresi{\'o}n, la semejanza de la expresi{\'o}n a las utilizadas por los seres humanos, la no ambig{\"u}edad de la referencia generada, etc.  

En cuanto a la descripci{\'o}n de entidades, aunque existen trabajos sobre generaci{\'o}n de lenguaje natural basada en descripciones, se ha realizado poco trabajo desde el punto de vista del enriquecimiento del discurso con expresiones descriptivas que adem{\'a}s realcen cierta informaci{\'o}n considerada importante, o sobre la relaci{\'o}n de este proceso con la funci{\'o}n distintiva de las referencias.

En este trabajo se aborda la generaci{\'o}n de referencias de dos maneras diferentes. En primer lugar se proponen soluciones alternativas y mejoras a los algoritmos cl{\'a}sicos de generaci{\'o}n de expresiones de referencia b{\'a}sica con funci{\'o}n distintiva. Se aborda el problema desde tres frentes diferentes: c{\'o}mo adecuar el nivel de abstracci{\'o}n al que se est{\'a}n nombrando las referencias seg{\'u}n el contexto de la situaci{\'o}n, qu{\'e} estrategia de b{\'u}squeda usar para la elecci{\'o}n de los atributos que permitan distinguir a un concepto, y qu{\'e} palabras o expresiones resultan m{\'a}s adecuadas para expresar una referencia en lenguaje natural. Para cada uno de estos frentes se presentan soluciones basadas en t{\'e}cnicas y recursos cl{\'a}sicos de la Inteligencia Artificial como son los algoritmos evolutivos, el razonamiento basado en casos, o las ontolog{\'\i}as. Adem{\'a}s se evaluar{\'a}n las diferentes soluciones presentadas teniendo en cuenta las m{\'e}tricas cl{\'a}sicas en este campo. 

En segundo lugar se explora el enriquecimiento de un discurso dado aportando informaci{\'o}n descriptiva utilizando figuras ret{\'o}ricas basadas en similitudes entre dominios como la comparaci{\'o}n y la analog{\'\i}a. Para que sea posible utilizar este tipo de figuras en un sistema de generaci{\'o}n de lenguaje natural se deben resolver problemas de arquitectura, fuentes de conocimiento, determinaci{\'o}n de las analog{\'\i}as y comparaciones, etc. En este trabajo se estudian estos problemas y se propone un marco general para abordar la generaci{\'o}n de este tipo de referencias.

Los resultados obtenidos para las soluciones propuestas en este trabajo dan lugar a una discusi{\'o}n sobre aspectos a mejorar en trabajo futuro y limitaciones de los algoritmos implementados. Tambi{\'e}n se discute la relaci{\'o}n de la generaci{\'o}n de expresiones de referencia, desde el punto de vista de sus funciones distintiva y descriptiva, con el resto del proceso de generaci{\'o}n de lenguaje natural.

Finalmente se presentan las conclusiones de esta investigaci{\'o}n, as{\'\i} como l{\'\i}neas abiertas para trabajo futuro y campos de aplicaci{\'o}n de las soluciones y resultados obtenidos.},
	attachments = {http://nil.fdi.ucm.es/sites/default/files/HervasTesis.pdf},
	author = {Herv{\'a}s, Raquel}
}
@conference {FranciscoHervasDCEUROLAN2007,
	title = {EmoTag: Automated Mark Up of Affective Information in Texts},
	booktitle = {EUROLAN 2007 Summer School Doctoral Consortium},
	year = {2007},
	month = {July 2007},
	pages = {5{\textendash}12},
	address = {Iasi, Romania},
	isbn = {978-973-703-246-1},
	attachments = {http://nil.fdi.ucm.es/sites/default/files/FranciscoHervasDCEUROLAN2007.pdf},
	author = {Virginia Francisco and Herv{\'a}s, Raquel}
}
@conference {HervasEtAlMICAI07,
	title = {Enrichment of Automatically Generated Texts using Metaphor},
	booktitle = {6th Mexican International Conference on Artificial Intelligence (MICAI-07)},
	volume = {4827},
	year = {2007},
	month = {11/2007},
	pages = {944{\textendash}954},
	publisher = {Springer Verlag, LNAI Series},
	organization = {Springer Verlag, LNAI Series},
	address = {Aguascalientes, Mexico},
	url = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/3202631637jv66g8/},
	attachments = {http://nil.fdi.ucm.es/sites/default/files/HervasEtAlMICAI07.pdf},
	author = {Herv{\'a}s, Raquel and Costa, Rui and Costa, Hugo and Pablo Gerv{\'a}s and Camara Pereira, Francisco}
}
@conference {HervasEtAlEVOMUSART07,
	title = {Evolutionary Assistance in Alliteration and Allelic Drivel},
	booktitle = {EvoMusArt 2007,EvoWorkshops 2007, dentro de Evo* 2007 (conferencia m{\'u}ltiple en el campo de la Programaci{\'o}n Evolutiva)},
	volume = {4448},
	year = {2007},
	month = {04/2007},
	pages = {537{\textendash}546},
	publisher = {Springer Verlag, LNCS Series},
	organization = {Springer Verlag, LNCS Series},
	address = {Valencia, Spain},
	url = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/x31l901535711710/},
	attachments = {http://nil.fdi.ucm.es/sites/default/files/HervasEtAlEVOMUSART07.pdf},
	author = {Herv{\'a}s, Raquel and Robinson, Jason and Pablo Gerv{\'a}s}
}
@conference {HervasGervasEWNLG05,
	title = {An Evolutionary Approach to Referring Expression Generation and Aggregation},
	booktitle = {10th European Workshop on Natural Language Generation (ENLG{\textquoteright}05)},
	year = {2005},
	month = {08/2005},
	pages = {168-173},
	address = {Aberdeen, England},
	url = {http://belobog.si.umich.edu/clair/anthology/query.cgi?type=Paper\&id=W05-1620},
	attachments = {http://nil.fdi.ucm.es/sites/default/files/HervasGervasEWNLG05.pdf},
	author = {Herv{\'a}s, Raquel and Pablo Gerv{\'a}s}
}
@conference {FranciscoEtAlUCAMI2005,
	title = {Expresi{\'o}n de emociones en la s{\'\i}ntesis de voz en contextos narrativos},
	booktitle = {Primer Simposio sobre Computaci{\'o}n Ubicua e Inteligencia Ambiental (UCAmi{\textquoteright}05)},
	year = {2005},
	month = {09/2005},
	pages = {353{\textendash}360},
	publisher = {Thomson},
	organization = {Thomson},
	address = {Granada, Spain},
	isbn = {84-9732-442-0},
	attachments = {http://nil.fdi.ucm.es/sites/default/files/FranciscoEtAlUCAMI2005.pdf},
	author = {Virginia Francisco and Pablo Gerv{\'a}s and Herv{\'a}s, Raquel}
}
